Polymorphism is one of the essential OOPs feature that can be defined as “ability to take multiple forms”. Programming languages such as Java, C++ use method overloading and method overriding to implement this OOPs feature.
However, it can be classified into Static and Dynamic polymorphism ( Runtime Polymorphism ) . The main difference between them is, one is resolved at compile-time and other resolved at run time.
Difference Between Static And Dynamic Polymorphism ( Runtime Polymorphism )?
| Basis | Static Polymorphism | Runtime Polymorphism |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | It can be defined as a process in which a function call with an object resolve at compile time by the compiler | It can be defined as a process in which a function call with an object resolve at runtime |
| Call Resolution | Call is settled by the compiler | Call isn't settled by the compiler |
| Other Name | Compile-time Polymorphism and Early binding | Dynamic binding and Late binding |
| Achieved By | Function overloading and Operator overloading | Pointers and virtual functions |
| Execution | It is analyzed early at compile time so it provides fast execution | It is slow because it is analyzed at the runtime |
| Flexibility | It is managed and executed at compile time which makes it less flexible | It is more flexible because of its execution at runtime |
Static Polymorphism
Static polymorphism is additionally termed as compile-time polymorphism, which implies that one can write numerous methods in a program with the same name, performing distinctive tasks.
However, it gives the client or the software engineer efficient and better comprehensibility of code.
Runtime Polymorphism ( Dynamic Polymorphism )
This is otherwise called Dynamic Polymorphism. It is a procedure in which a call to an overridden method is settled at runtime, which is the reason it is termed as runtime polymorphism.
Key differences
- In Static Polymorphism, the call is settled by the compiler, whereas; In Run time Polymorphism, the call isn’t settled by the compiler.
- It is otherwise called as Compile-time Polymorphism and Early binding, whereas; it is otherwise called Dynamic binding, Late binding and overriding also.
- Overloading is compile-time polymorphism where more than one functions share a similar name with various parameters or signature and distinctive return type, whereas; Overriding is run time polymorphism having the same function with the same parameters or mark, however, related in a class and its subclass.
- Static polymorphism is accomplished by function overloading and operator overloading, whereas; Runtime polymorphism is accomplished by pointers and virtual functions.
- As in static polymorphism, it is analyzed early at compile time so it provides fast execution, whereas; Runtime polymorphism is slow because it is analyzed at the runtime.
- In Static polymorphism, all the stuff is managed and executed at compile time which makes it less flexible, whereas; Runtime polymorphism is more flexible because of its execution at runtime.
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