The type of database which is located, managed, compiled and processed at a single and particular location, is called a Centralized database. And there is a machine or system that manages and runs this database form that very location.

In other words, it can be viewed as a single database file that resides at a particular location in the network.

In this, Multiple users access the same database. It is mainly used by organisations or  institutions. It is easy to manage and provides a complete view of data.

Distributed Database:

The type of database in which all the responsible devices (mostly storage devices) are placed at various locations and not at a particular location, is called a distributed database. And there is no single machine or system that manages this kind of database.

In other words, it can be viewed as two or more database files located at different places in a network.
It involves multiple interconnected databases that are located at different places. These systems dont share physical components.

Difference Between Centralized Database And Distributed Database:

Key Differences:

1. DATABASE LOCATION

In the case of a Centralized database, the database is managed by a single machine or system which is at a single location that keeps in check the whole database and makes sure of its fluidity.

In case of a distributed database, the database is spread and split up across various storage device locations which are geographically far away from each other and this requires a centralized system for efficient and fluidity among all the devices.

2. EASE OF MAINTAINING

In case of centralized database, all the data and information are stored at a particular location and are quite easy to maintain because of its ease of access and reach.

In case of a distributed database, this kind of database where all the data and information is split up at various locations is very difficult and complex because we need to deal with varied problems such as avoiding data redundancy and maintaining data consistency.

3. DATABASE EFFICIENCY

In the case of a centralized database, it is less efficient as compared to the distributed database because all the data is being stored at one particular location which makes data finding job quite complex.

In case of a distributed database, it has more efficiency as compared to the centralized database because the data is divided and stored at various locations which makes certain of the fact that data finding process is smooth and less time-consuming.